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Beverly Pepper
Toro, 1962

Artwork Info

Artwork title
Toro
Artist name
Beverly Pepper
Date created
1962
Classification
sculpture
Medium
steel and wood
Dimensions
73 3/4 in. × 47 in. × 23 in. (187.33 cm × 119.38 cm × 58.42 cm)
Credit
The Doris and Donald Fisher Collection at the San Francisco Museum of Modern Art
Copyright
© Beverly Pepper
Permanent URL
https://www.sfmoma.org/artwork/FC.789
Artwork status
On view on floor 4 as part of Freeform: Experiencing Abstraction

Audio Stories

The artist gets at the root of her sculpture

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transcripts

NARRATOR:  

Not long before this work was made, the city of Rome cut down a grove of ancient elm trees near Beverly Pepper’s house, and was about to haul them away. 

 

SFX: Chainsaws buzz in backdrop 

 

BEVERLY PEPPER:  

I said, just leave them there. Don’t ask me why I said that, but I had the feeling I would like to use them some day.  

 

NARRATOR:  

This work was made from one of those trees, combined with metal. 

 

PEPPER:  

Many artists are squirrels and they come across something that touches them, and so we don’t get rid of those little elements, just in case.  

 

I have this wonderful chutzpah of taking on something I’ve never done before. I did not really know how to weld. What I was doing was outwitting the metal [laughing], using my limitations, which I think most artists do. We realize after the fact what we’ve done.  

 

You make your choices, that’s what happens. So you choose to make one of these metal curves bigger than another one, some are twisted, one goes right through the wood. This is not like something you make and cast. This is really and truly immediate, the work is immediate, it’s from my hand to the chisel to the wood to the steel. It was a very satisfying way of working. 

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Here sweeping strips of torqued steel pierce a wooden form and thrust it into the air. Pepper made this work from an elm that was felled on her property in Italy while she was visiting the Cambodian temple Angkor Wat in 1960—a trip she credits as the catalyst for her shift from painting to sculpture. She added to the tree’s natural hollows, drilling and sawing to create new paths for the curvilinear metal bands. The complementary relationship between the materials and shapes recalls the sprawling banyan trees she saw at Angkor Wat, while the title serves as a tribute to Pepper’s daughter, who accompanied her to the temple and whose astrological sign is Taurus.

Gallery text, 2016

Other Works by Beverly Pepper

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